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A teacher pushed ice cubes of different masses with different amounts of force.

Which diagram shows the cube that will show the biggest velocity change when pushed with the force represented by the arrow?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) To find the velocity change, you need the force's contact time.

 

 

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Review - 3 Laws of Motion

The Power of the New York Times

 

 

II. Conservation of Momentum

 

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Collision/3 Laws

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In a Closed System:

 When two objects interact,…….

 

....the SUM of their momenta BEFORE the interaction ...

 

...equals the SUM of their momenta AFTER the interaction.

 

 

Total Momentum
Before Interaction

=

Total Momentum
After Interaction

 

m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1′ + m2v2′

 

 

 

 

Totally Elastic Collision?

 

 

 

What is the momentum

of the big fish after it

 swallows the little fish?

[ Flash ]

 

 

 

 

 

 

-4 kgm/s

Total momentum before =
 Total momentum after

 

A) Collision Problems

Ex 1) A 3.0 kg object traveling 6.0 m/s E has a perfectly elastic collision with a 4.0 kg object traveling 8.0 m/s W. 

After the collision, the 3.0 kg object will travel 10. m/s west. 

a) Total momentum before the collision? 

 

 

Ex 1) A 3.0 kg object traveling 6.0 m/s east has a perfectly elastic collision with a 4.0 kg object traveling 8.0 m/s west. After the collision, the 3.0 kg object will travel 10. m/s west.

a) What was the total momentum before the collision?

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Before  After 
m1 = 3.0 kg  
v1 = 6.0 m/s(East)   
m2 = 4.0 kg  
v2 = - 8.0 m/s  (West)  

 

Total momentum before:

= m1v1 + m2v2

 

= 3.0 kg(6.0 m/s)+4 kg(-8 m/s)

 

= 18. kg(m/s) + -32. kgm/s

 

= - 14. kg(m/s)

 

OR

 

14. kg(m/s) West

 

 

b) What is the total momentum of these objects after this collision?

 

 

= -14. kg(m/s)

OR 14. kg(m/s) West

 

Total Momentum Before Interaction = Total Momentum After Interaction

 

Ex 1) ..... After the collision, the 3.0 kg object will travel 10. m/s west. 

c) What velocity will the 4.0 kg object have after the collision?

 

m1 = 3.0 kg

v1′ = -10. m/s

m2 = 4.0 kg

v2′ = ?

 

Total Momenta Before Interaction = Total Momenta After Interaction

Before  After 
 

-14. kg(m/s) = m1v1′ + m2v2′

 

-14. kg(m/s) =

 

 3.0 kg(-10. m/s)+4.0 kg(v2′)

 

-14. kg(m/s) =

 

(-30. kgm/s)+4.0 kg(v2′)

 

16. kg(m/s) = 4.0 kg(v2′)

 

v2′ = 4.0 m/s

OR

v2′ = 4.0 m/s East

 

 

 

 

 

 

What is the momentum

of the attached carts?



p = 15 kgm/s		 p = -30 kgm/s

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Answer: - 15 kgm/s

Total momentum before = total momentum after

 

 

 

 

Ex 2) A 10. kg Block A moves with a velocity of 2.0 m/s to the right and collides with a 10. kg Block B which is at rest.  After the collision Block A stops moving and Block B moves to the right. 

a) Find total momentum after the collision.

 

Ex 2) A 10. kg Block A moves with a velocity of 2.0 m/s to the right and collides with a 10. kg Block B which is at rest.  After the collision Block A stops moving and Block B moves to the right. 

a) Find the total momentum after the collision

Before

 After 
mA = 10. kg mA = 10. kg
VA = 2.0 m/s (East) VA′ = 0 m/s
mB = 10. kg mB = 10. kg
VB = 0 m/s VB′ = ? 

 

Total mom. before = Total mom. after:

= mAvA + mBvB

 

= 10. kg(2.0m/s)+10. kg(0 m/s)

 

= 20 kgm/s

 

 

 

 

Ex 2) A 10. kg Block A moves with a velocity of 2.0 m/s to the right and collides with a 10. kg Block B which is at rest.  After the collision Block A stops moving and Block B moves to the right. 

Find the velocity of Block B after the collision.

Before  After 
mA = 10. kg mA = 10. kg
vA = 2.0 m/s (East) vA′ = 0 m/s
mB = 10. kg mB = 10. kg
VB = 0 m/s vB′ = ?

 

Total mom. before
= Total mom. after:

 

 

 

20. kgm/s = mAVA + mBVB

20. kgm/s =

 

10. kg(0m/s)+10. kgV2

 

 

VB = 2.0 m/s

 

 


Ex 3) A 10. kg cart moving with a velocity of 10. m/s East collides and attaches itself to a 10. kg cart moving at a velocity of  50. m/s west.

a) Find the total momentum before the collision

 

 

Ex 3) A 10. kg cart moving with a velocity of 10. m/s East collides and attaches itself to a 10. kg cart moving at a velocity of  50. m/s west.

 

a) Find the total momentum before the collision

 

Before  After 
mA = 10. kg  
vA = 10. m/s(East)   
mB = 10. kg  
vB = - 50. m/s  

Total momentum = m1v1 + m2v2

Total momentum =

100. kgm/s + -500. kgm/s

 

= -4.0 x 102 kgm/s

 

 

Impulse

Hi-speed video of a golf ball compressed by driver 00:06 - 3 years ago

 Recorded at 10,000 fps with the Photron ultima APX slow motion video camera, the gold ball can be seen to compress as the golf club comes into contact with it at high speed. Recorded with the APX as 10K fps, with a 10 microsecond shutter and 512 (H) x 256 (V) at 10-bit pixel depth.

Ex 3) A 10. kg cart moving with a velocity of 10. m/s East collides and attaches itself to a 10. kg cart moving at a velocity of  50. m/s west.

 

b) Find the total momentum after the collision

 

Total mom. before
= Total mom. after:

 

= -4.0 x 102 kgm/s

 

 

Ex 3) A 10. kg cart moving with a velocity of 10. m/s East collides and attaches itself to a 10. kg cart moving at a velocity of  50. m/s west.

 

c) What is the velocity of the attached carts after the collision?

 

m = 20. kg
(masses combine)
v = ? 

 

Total mom. before =
 Total mom. after:

 

-400. kgm/s  = (20. kg)V

 

V = -20. m/s

 

V = 20. m/s W

 

 

Ex 4) What is the magnitude of the total momentum of these carts?

Total momentum = m1v1 + m2v2

Total mom. =

(4.0 kg)(3 m/s)+6.0kg(-3.0m/s)

 

= 12. kgm/s + -18. kgm/s 

 

= -6.0 kgm/s

 

 

 

 

 

"Left train momentum

= 30 kgm/s.

What is the momentum

 of the right train?"

 

What's the total momentum before the collision?

After the collision?

[ Flash ]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Answer: -30 kgm/s

 

AP Physics

Does this obey the conservation of momentum?

[ Flash ]

 

[AP]

Recoil Problems

 

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